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#SOCIAL AMNESIA STRESS FULL#

Patients are often unaware of the other personalities and describe a feeling of being possessed or experiencing frequent gaps in recall.

Increased risk of other psychiatric conditions (e.g., major depression, borderline personality disorder, PTSD, eating disorders, substance use disorders).

Chronic disease course with fluctuations in severity.

SSRIs for comorbid conditions (depression, PTSD).

In children, symptoms can not be attributed to imaginary friends or other fantasy play.

Symptoms can not be explained by broadly accepted religious or cultural practice.

Symptoms are not related to substance use or another medical condition.

Symptoms cause the patient significant social or occupational impairment.

Frequent gaps in recall of normal daily events or personal information that are significantly different from ordinary forgetfulness.

Discontinuity in sense of self ( depersonalization) and agency.

Distinct memory, behavior, affect, perception, consciousness, cognition, and/or sensory-motor functioning ( derealization ).

Alternation of at least two separate personality states that cause identity disruption and dominate at different times, manifesting with the following:.

History of physical/ sexual abuse and/or neglect during childhood.

Patients with a depersonalization/derealization disorder may report out-of-body experiences or a feeling of being in a dream.

Increased risk for concurrent major depression and anxiety disorders.

Often persistent, with fluctuations in severity.

Treatment: cognitive behavioral therapy, hypnotherapy, and/or psychodynamic therapy.

Symptoms cannot be better explained by another psychiatric disorder (e.g., schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, panic disorder, acute stress disorder, PTSD, other dissociative disorders).

Reality testing is intact during these episodes (as opposed to psychosis, in which reality is not intact).

Derealization: sense of unreality with detachment from one's environment.

Depersonalization : sense of unreality with detachment from oneself (e.g., body perception, feelings, thoughts, actions).

Recurrent or persistent episodes of depersonalization and/or derealization.

The complete resolution of amnesia and full return of memory may be overwhelming and coincide with an increased risk for suicide. Patients may experience the return of memories as nightmares or flashbacks. Associated with concurrent major depressive disorder and increased risk for suicide.Rarely generalizes, but can cause complete memory loss.Temporarily inaccessible memories are often retrievable or return naturally.No effective pharmacotherapy is available.May present with dissociative fugue : wandering or purposeful travel ( associated with amnesia of identity or autobiographical information).Symptoms cannot be explained by another psychiatric disorder (e.g., dissociative identity disorder, acute stress disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder ).Symptoms are not due to substance use or another medical condition.Symptoms cause significant social or occupational impairment.amnesia of personal history and identity) amnesia of a specific aspect of an occurrence) amnesia of a single event or time period)

Inability to recall autobiographical information after a traumatic or stressful event, , that is distinct from ordinary forgetting.Most common dissociative disorder (lifetime prevalence is ∼ 7% ).Dissociative disorders are often associated with other psychiatric symptoms and conditions, including anxiety, depression, somatic symptom disorders, and eating disorders. Patients usually experience positive dissociative symptoms such as derealization, fragmentation of identity, and depersonalization (i.e., intrusive and involuntary changes in awareness and behavior) and/or negative dissociative symptoms, such as amnesia or difficulties controlling mental functions. DSM-5 recognizes the following types: dissociative identity disorder, dissociative amnesia (with or without dissociative fugue), depersonalization disorder, as well as other specified dissociative disorder and unspecified dissociative disorder. The disorders are typically seen in individuals with a history of very stressful or traumatic events and often manifest already in childhood. Abnormalities may also be seen in behavior, control of motor functions, and body representation.

Dissociative disorders are psychiatric conditions characterized by disruption and/or discontinuity of normal consciousness, memory, identity, and perception.

#SOCIAL AMNESIA STRESS FULL#